Wide panorama of the Martian surface from a rover
Roadmap

Seven phases.One of them isirreversible.

§12The Roadmap
PhaseObjectiveGateTimescaleK
0Prospecting: ice, global nitrate survey, sulfate/pH mapping, dust–aerosol studyInventories characterizedto ~20400.73
IParaterraforming: aerogel greenhouses, ISRU, perchlorate remediationSelf-sustaining habitats2030s–21000.75
IIThermal: aerosol/mirror forcing to +30 KSeasonal meltwaterdecades0.80
III-aHydrosphere + acidophile ecopoiesis (must precede III-b)Self-propagating biospherecenturies0.85
III-bOxygen via water electrolysis (must follow III-a)pO₂ rising, H₂ venting stablecenturies0.90
IVNitrogen import from Titan1.5×10¹⁸ kg delivered~600 yr at Type I1.00
VComposition closure: pCO₂ < 10 mbar, ozone, obliquity managementShirtsleevemillennia1.00
Sequencing constraint, CA-002

Iron supplies 42% of the divalent cations available for carbonate formation. Oxygenation converts Fe(II) to insoluble Fe(III) oxide and removes it permanently from the carbon-burial budget. Carbon buried under anoxia can use the iron pathway. Carbon buried afterward cannot. These phases were specified as parallel. They are not. Burial must be run to completion first.

Phases 0–III are individually valuable and reversible. Phase IV is the irreversible commitment, and the true decision point.
Interactive · Iteration 05
TOOL PENDING
Interactive Roadmap Timeline

Horizontal axis Phase 0 → V with III-a and III-b splitting into parallel tracks that rejoin. Rising Kardashev line beneath. Click a phase for detail (objective, gate, timescale, off-ramp). Phase IV marked distinctly in oxide. Ships in Iteration 5.